Which principle is central to ethical research involving human participants?

The principle of confidentiality of data is central to ethical research involving human participants because it helps to protect the privacy and dignity of individuals. Maintaining confidentiality means that personal information provided by participants during a study is kept secure and not disclosed without their consent. This protection encourages participants to share honest and accurate information, knowing that their identities and personal details will not be revealed. Ensuring confidentiality fosters a trusting relationship between researchers and participants, which is essential for ethical research practices. This principle underpins the respect for autonomy and the need to safeguard participants from possible harm or stigma that could arise from breaches of privacy.

In contrast, the other options do not align with ethical research principles. Prioritizing research outcomes at any cost disregards the welfare of participants. Focusing on speed over integrity can lead to flawed results and harm to participants. Lastly, unrestricted access to participant data violates confidentiality and can jeopardize the trust necessary for ethical research practices. Thus, the importance of confidentiality in research is fundamental in ensuring the rights and safety of human subjects are upheld.