What type of data collection method might be utilized in descriptive research?

Descriptive research aims to provide a detailed account of a population or phenomenon without manipulating variables. Surveys and observations are particularly suitable for this type of research because they allow researchers to gather information on participants' characteristics, behaviors, and opinions in a natural setting.

Surveys can effectively measure various attributes by asking participants questions, while observations enable researchers to record behaviors and events as they occur in real-time. This combination yields valuable data about the current state of what is being studied, which is the primary goal of descriptive research.

In contrast, experimental trials typically involve manipulation of variables and randomization, focusing on establishing cause-and-effect relationships rather than describing a situation. Controlled interviews may have more structured questioning that can limit the breadth of qualitative data collected, and statistical modeling generally relies on existing data or outputs from experiments rather than direct data collection methods. These methods do not align as closely with the primary objectives of descriptive research as surveys and observations do.